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Abstract

Background

Existing literature highlights the importance of resistance training as an intervention to counteract age-related declines such as loss of muscle mass, decreased strength, and diminished cognitive function. Despite evidence supporting resistance training in older adults, its integration into occupational therapy practices remains underexplored.

Research Design

Six adults over age 65 living in Northwest Arkansas participated in a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study investigating the impact of compound resistance training on participation in preferred and necessary daily activities, as well as mental health. Subjects completed an initial assessment consisting of a semi-structured interview, the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Intervention took place in twice-weekly, one-hour individual sessions utilizing compound resistance training over 10 weeks. Subjects completed a final assessment consisting of the same questionnaires and semi-structured interview at close of the intervention period. Data were analyzed via Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and thematic analysis.

Results

Subjects reported statistically significant and clinically important improvements in performance of occupations (mean: 2.208 points; p = 0.004) and satisfaction (mean: 3.223 points; p < 0.001). Non-statistically significant improvements were identified in symptoms of stress (mean: -0.1667 points; p = 0.917) and depression (mean: -1.5 points; p = 0.06). Qualitative data demonstrated improved perceptions of strength training as well as improved self-efficacy and self-confidence.

Conclusions

Compound resistance training demonstrates potential for improving occupational performance and satisfaction in older adults. Further research is needed to investigate generalizability and mental health benefits of this intervention within this population.

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